Improved entanglement-based high-dimensional optical quantum computation with linear optics

TL;DR

This paper introduces a family of high-dimensional entanglement-based optical controlled-SWAP gates using linear optics, achieving lower circuit depth, higher fidelity, and supporting larger dimensions without ancillary photons.

Contribution

It presents a deterministic, scalable design for high-dimensional quantum gates with improved efficiency and fidelity over previous methods, using only linear optics.

Findings

Circuit uses only (2+3d) linear optics elements for dimension d

Achieves a fidelity of 99.4%

Supports dimensions greater than 2 without ancillary photons

Abstract

Quantum gates are the essential block for quantum computer. High-dimensional quantum gates exhibit remarkable advantages over their two-dimensional counterparts for some quantum information processing tasks. Here we present a family of entanglement-based optical controlled-SWAP gates on $\mathbb{C}^{2}\otimes \mathbb{C}^{d}\otimes \mathbb{C}^{d}$. With the hybrid encoding, we encode the control qubits and target qudits in photonic polarization and spatial degrees of freedom, respectively. The circuit is constructed using only $(2+3d)$ ($d\geq 2$) linear optics, beating an earlier result of 14 linear optics with $d=2$. The circuit depth 5 is much lower than an earlier result of 11 with $d=2$. Besides, the fidelity of the presented circuit can reach 99.4\%, and it is higher than the previous counterpart with $d=2$. Our scheme are constructed in a deterministic way without any borrowed ancillary photons or measurement-induced nonlinearities. Moreover, our approach allows $d>2$.