HALO: A Fine-Grained Resource Sharing Quantum Operating System
John Zhuoyang Ye, Jiyuan Wang, Yifan Qiao, Jens Palsberg

TL;DR
HALO is a quantum operating system that enables fine-grained resource sharing, significantly improving hardware utilization and throughput while maintaining fidelity, addressing the challenge of efficient quantum resource management in cloud environments.
Contribution
HALO introduces a hardware-aware qubit-sharing algorithm and a shot-adaptive scheduler, pioneering fine-grained resource sharing in quantum operating systems.
Findings
Up to 2.44x better hardware utilization
4.44x increased throughput
Fidelity loss within 33%
Abstract
As quantum computing enters the cloud era, thousands of users must share access to a small number of quantum processors. Users need to wait minutes to days to start their jobs, which only takes a few seconds for execution. Current quantum cloud platforms employ a fair-share scheduler, as there is no way to multiplex a quantum computer among multiple programs at the same time, leaving many qubits idle and significantly under-utilizing the hardware. This imbalance between high user demand and scarce quantum resources has become a key barrier to scalable and cost-effective quantum computing. We present HALO, the first quantum operating system design that supports fine-grained resource-sharing. HALO introduces two complementary mechanisms. First, a hardware-aware qubit-sharing algorithm that places shared helper qubits on regions of the quantum computer that minimize routing overhead and…
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Taxonomy
TopicsQuantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture · Cloud Computing and Resource Management · Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata
