Almost groupoids and their substructures

TL;DR

This paper explores the substructures of almost groupoids, extending known properties of groupoids to this broader algebraic context, and discusses their fundamental characteristics.

Contribution

It introduces and analyzes the main substructures of almost groupoids, extending classical results from groupoid theory to this new setting.

Findings

Characterization of substructures in almost groupoids

Extension of groupoid properties to almost groupoids

Foundational properties of almost groupoid substructures

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to present the main constructions of the substructures of an almost groupoid and to discuss their basic properties. The definitions and properties concerning these new algebraic constructions extend to almost groupoids, the corresponding well-known results for groupoids.