Benchmark Study of CEvNS Nuclear Recoil Observables for B, Mg, Ti, and Zr Targets Using Geant4

TL;DR

This study compares CEvNS nuclear recoil observables across B, Mg, Ti, and Zr targets using Geant4, focusing on differences in spectra, form factors, and angular distributions to aid material selection in neutrino detection.

Contribution

It provides a benchmark comparison of CEvNS recoil observables for multiple nuclei using Geant4, highlighting nuclear mass and form-factor effects in a controlled simulation environment.

Findings

Nuclear mass significantly affects recoil spectra.

Form-factor suppression influences recoil observables.

Results serve as a reference for material selection in CEvNS experiments.

Abstract

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) provides a well-defined framework for studying nuclear recoil observables in low-energy neutrino interactions. In this work, we present a comparative Monte Carlo benchmark study of CEvNS-induced nuclear recoils for four target nuclei (B, Mg, Ti, and Zr) using the Geant4 simulation toolkit and the ROOT analysis framework. The study focuses on relative differences in recoil-energy spectra, nuclear form-factor effects, and angular distributions under identical simulation conditions. A deliberately simplified detector geometry is employed to ensure a controlled and transparent comparison between target materials, rather than to model a specific experimental setup. The results highlight how nuclear mass and form-factor suppression influence CEvNS recoil observables and provide a reference-level comparison that may be useful for material-selection studies in CEvNS-related simulations.