Quantum-Based Resilient Routing in Networks: Minimizing Latency Under Dual-Link Failures

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum-based approach to optimize resilient Layer 3 network routing, minimizing latency and enhancing dual-link failure resilience using quantum algorithms tested on small topologies.

Contribution

It formulates a novel quantum optimization model for resilient routing, integrating dual-link failure considerations, and demonstrates its effectiveness on quantum simulators and hardware.

Findings

QAOA successfully finds optimal routing solutions in toy network topologies.

The formulation effectively handles independent and correlated link failure scenarios.

Quantum algorithms show promise for future resilient network design.

Abstract

Network optimization problems represent large combinatorial search spaces that grow exponentially with network size, making them computationally intensive to solve. This paper addresses the latency-resilient Layer 3 routing optimization problem in telecommunications networks with predefined Layer 1 optical links. We formulate this problem as a graph-based optimization problem with the objective of minimizing latency, creating vertex-disjoint paths from each site to the internet backbone, and maximizing overall resiliency by limiting the impact of dual-link failures. By framing the problem as finding two disjoint shortest paths, coupled together with a resiliency component to the objective function, we establish a single formulation to produce optimal path design. The mathematical formulation was adapted to solve the problem using quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) executed over both quantum simulator and quantum hardware. QAOA was tested on a toy graph topology with 5 vertices and 7 edges and considering two limiting scenarios respectively representing independent (uncorrelated) link failures and highly correlated failure for one pair of edges. Both explored scenarios produced the optimal network design-corresponding to the valid solution with highest frequency of occurrence and minimum energy state, hence, validating the proposed formulation for optimizing Layer 3 routing on quantum systems of the future.