Enhanced Stochastic Gravitational Waves signals from Wess-Zumino chiral superfield

TL;DR

This paper explores how supersymmetric structures during the reheating era can significantly enhance the stochastic gravitational-wave background, providing potential observable signatures of supersymmetry in the early universe.

Contribution

It introduces a novel interaction vertex between the inflaton and supersymmetric D-term sectors, showing a substantial increase in gravitational wave amplitude compared to traditional models.

Findings

Supersymmetric couplings can amplify GW signals by over an order of magnitude.

The chiral multiplet structure preserves supersymmetry and influences GW production.

Enhanced GW signals could serve as probes for supersymmetry in cosmological observations.

Abstract

In this work, we investigate the possibility that supersymmetric structures may leave observable imprints in the stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background generated during the reheating era. To this end, we construct a phenomenological interaction vertex describing the coupling between a single inflaton and the D-term sectors of a pair of chiral and anti-chiral superfields. In contrast to the conventional Yukawa coupling between the inflaton and structureless matter fields, we find that the supersymmetry-preserving chiral multiplet structure leads to a substantial enhancement, by at least one order of magnitude, in the amplitude of the resulting GWs spectrum. Our results therefore suggest that the interplay between reheating-era stochastic GWs and supersymmetric phenomenology merits further exploration and development.