Complex segregation patterns in confined nonuniform granular shearing flows

TL;DR

This study investigates complex size segregation patterns in confined granular flows under shear, revealing new segregation behaviors influenced by flow dynamics, boundaries, and particle properties, with implications for understanding granular mixing.

Contribution

It uncovers novel segregation patterns such as inverse and horizontal segregation, and analyzes their dependence on flow conditions, particle size ratio, and mixture composition.

Findings

Faster segregation with larger size ratios and higher large particle proportions.

Discovery of inverse and horizontal segregation patterns.

Complete segregation is hindered by complex mechanisms and persistent mixing.

Abstract

When polydisperse granular systems are sheared, the transverse dynamics is characterized by the interplay of size segregation and diffusion. Segregation in nonuniform and confined shearing flows is studied using annular shear cell experiments complemented with discrete numerical simulations of bidisperse, inelastic, and frictional spheres under gravity. We explored the role of shear localization, granular temperature, boundaries, and mixture properties in the evolution of the segregation rate and the maximum degree of segregation achieved by a bidisperse granular system in the steady state. A faster segregation process and a more developed degree of segregation is observed for bidisperse mixtures with a larger size ratio and a higher proportion of large particles. Normally, in the presence of gravity, size segregation induces large particles to rise and small particles to sink. However, two additional complex segregation patterns were found: inverse segregation and horizontal segregation. The first might be related to the kinematics of the flow, while the second is a geometrical effect. This additional segregation mechanism, in addition to diffusion fluxes and high confining pressure, hampers complete segregation in the steady state, where some degree of mixing always persists.