DCeption: Real-world Wireless Man-in-the-Middle Attacks Against CCS EV Charging
Marcell Szak\'aly, Martin Strohmeier, Ivan Martinovic, Sebastian K\"ohler

TL;DR
This paper uncovers real-world wireless man-in-the-middle attacks on CCS EV charging systems using SDR, demonstrating vulnerabilities that can lead to overcharging and safety risks, and proposes a protocol extension to mitigate these issues.
Contribution
It presents the first real-time SDR implementation of HPGP, analyzes real charging sessions, and develops a robust MitM framework for CCS, revealing critical security flaws and mitigation strategies.
Findings
Successfully hijacked charging sessions and manipulated power delivery.
Demonstrated overcharging and safety-critical protocol modifications.
Identified high permissiveness of target vehicles to MitM attacks.
Abstract
The adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is happening at a rapid pace. To ensure fast and safe charging, complex communication is required between the vehicle and the charging station. In the globally used Combined Charging System (CCS), this communication is carried over the HomePlug Green PHY (HPGP) physical layer. However, HPGP is known to suffer from wireless leakage, which may expose this data link to nearby attackers. In this paper, we examine active wireless attacks against CCS, and study the impact they can have. We present the first real-time Software-Defined Radio (SDR) implementation of HPGP, granting unprecedented access to the communications within the charging cables. We analyze the characteristics of 2,750 real-world charging sessions to understand the timing constraints for hijacking. Using novel techniques to increase the attacks' reliability, we design a robust…
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Taxonomy
TopicsVehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) · Wireless Power Transfer Systems · Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
