Constraining nonminimal f(T) gravity from Primordial Nucleosynthesis to Late-Universe observations

TL;DR

This paper tests nonminimal f(T) gravity models across different cosmic epochs, using early-Universe nucleosynthesis constraints and late-Universe observations, to evaluate deviations from standard cosmology.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive multi-epoch analysis of f(T) gravity with torsion-matter coupling, combining diverse observational data to constrain deviations from ΛCDM.

Findings

Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis tightly constrains early deviations.

Late-time observations are compatible with near-ΛCDM models.

Joint analysis breaks parameter degeneracies effectively.

Abstract

We present a multi-epoch test of f(T) gravity with nonminimal torsion-matter coupling, combining early- and late-Universe observations. At the MeV scale, Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis constrains the fractional variation of the weak freeze-out temperature, |{\delta}{\tau}_f/{\tau}_f|, thereby mapping light-element abundances into limits on deviations from the standard expansion history. At low redshift, we confront the model with type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, and cosmic-chronometer data, which respectively probe distances, the late-time standard ruler, and the Hubble rate. Independent analyses highlight the complementary roles of each dataset, while a joint SNe Ia + BAO + CC fit breaks degeneracies and yields the tightest combined bounds. As an illustration, we examine two representative torsion-modified gravity scenarios: BBN strongly limits large departures from standard cosmology, whereas late-time probes remain compatible with a near-{\Lambda}CDM background. This unified approach demonstrates the power of linking early-Universe nuclear physics with precision cosmological observables in assessing torsional extensions of gravity.