Decomposition of angular momentum projected nuclear wave function

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new decomposition identity for angular momentum projected nuclear wave functions, providing deeper structural insights and potential improvements for nuclear state modeling.

Contribution

It derives a novel identity that expresses conventional projected wave functions in terms of coupled projected bases, enhancing understanding and modeling of nuclear states.

Findings

Decomposition of wave functions reveals incomplete pairing in even-even nuclei.

The new identity offers a way to improve variation after projection shell model wave functions.

Application to sd shell nuclei demonstrates the practical utility of the decomposition.

Abstract

Angular momentum projection is a basic technique in constructing nuclear wave functions with good spins. Traditionally, a projected nuclear wave function is expressed in terms of the bases built by performing the angular momentum projection directly on reference states for the whole nuclear system. Alternatively, one can construct nuclear wave function with another kind of projected bases, called as the coupled projected bases, which are generated by first performing the angular momentum projections on the reference states for neutrons and protons, respectively, then coupling the neutron projected states with the proton ones via Clebsch-Gordon coefficients. In the present work, we derive a new identity, which provides a decomposition of the conventional angular momentum projected nuclear wave function in terms of the coupled projected bases. This decomposition offers direct insight into the underlying structure of nuclear states. To show this point, we present the decompositions of variation after projection shell model (VAPSM) wave functions for the ground states in some $sd$ shell nuclei. It is interesting to see that even for the ground states in even-even nuclei, the nucleons are not fully paired. Finally, we demonstrate that the VAPSM wave function can be further improved by adopting the coupled projected bases.