We Need a More Robust Classifier: Dual Causal Learning Empowers Domain-Incremental Time Series Classification

TL;DR

This paper introduces DualCD, a dual causal disentanglement framework that enhances the robustness of time series classifiers in domain-incremental settings by isolating causal features and eliminating confounding influences.

Contribution

The paper proposes a novel lightweight dual causal learning framework for domain-incremental time series classification, integrating causal feature disentanglement and intervention mechanisms.

Findings

DualCD improves classification accuracy in domain-incremental scenarios.

Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of DualCD across multiple datasets.

The framework provides a comprehensive benchmark for future research.

Abstract

The World Wide Web thrives on intelligent services that rely on accurate time series classification, which has recently witnessed significant progress driven by advances in deep learning. However, existing studies face challenges in domain incremental learning. In this paper, we propose a lightweight and robust dual-causal disentanglement framework (DualCD) to enhance the robustness of models under domain incremental scenarios, which can be seamlessly integrated into time series classification models. Specifically, DualCD first introduces a temporal feature disentanglement module to capture class-causal features and spurious features. The causal features can offer sufficient predictive power to support the classifier in domain incremental learning settings. To accurately capture these causal features, we further design a dual-causal intervention mechanism to eliminate the influence of both intra-class and inter-class confounding features. This mechanism constructs variant samples by combining the current class's causal features with intra-class spurious features and with causal features from other classes. The causal intervention loss encourages the model to accurately predict the labels of these variant samples based solely on the causal features. Extensive experiments on multiple datasets and models demonstrate that DualCD effectively improves performance in domain incremental scenarios. We summarize our rich experiments into a comprehensive benchmark to facilitate research in domain incremental time series classification.