Electric field effects in one-dimensional spin-1/2 $K_1J_1\Gamma_1\Gamma_1^\prime K_2J_2$ model with ferromagnetic Kitaev coupling

TL;DR

This study investigates how electric fields influence the phase behavior of a one-dimensional spin-1/2 model with Kitaev interactions, revealing directional dependence in maintaining or disrupting the Luttinger liquid phase.

Contribution

It provides a systematic analysis of electric field effects on a generalized 1D Kitaev spin model, highlighting the directional dependence of phase stability and potential for tuning system properties.

Findings

Electric fields along (1,1,1) preserve Luttinger liquid behavior.

Fields in other directions induce dimerization.

Estimates of field strength needed to tune the Luttinger parameter.

Abstract

We perform a systematic study on the effects of electric fields in the Luttinger liquid phase of the one-dimensional spin-$1/2$ $K_1J_1\Gamma_1\Gamma_1^\prime K_2J_2$ model in the region of ferromagnetic nearest-neighboring Kitaev coupling. We find that while electric fields along $(1,1,1)$-direction maintain the Luttinger liquid behavior, fields along other directions drive the system to a dimerized state. An estimation is made on how effective a $(1,1,1)$-field is for tuning the Luttinger parameter in real materials. Our work is useful for understanding the effects of electric fields in one-dimensional generalized Kitaev spin models, and provides a starting point for exploring the electric-field-related physics in two dimensions based on a quasi-one-dimensional approach.