Quantum Optical Inspired Models for Unitary Black Hole Evaporation

TL;DR

This paper introduces optically inspired Gaussian models for unitary black hole evaporation that aim to be simple, preserve Hawking radiation's thermal nature, and reproduce the Page Curve indicating information release during evaporation.

Contribution

It presents a novel Gaussian symplectic formalism approach to model black hole evaporation, capturing entanglement and information flow in a simplified, operationally accessible framework.

Findings

Models approximate the Page Curve during evaporation.

Gaussian formalism enables tracking of entanglement evolution.

Reproduces key features of black hole information dynamics.

Abstract

In this work, we describe optically inspired models for unitary black hole (BH) evaporation. The goal of these models are (i) to be operationally simple, (ii) approximately preserve the thermal nature of the emitted Hawking Radiation (HR), and (iii) attempt to reproduce the Page Curve that purports that information flows forth from the BH when it has evaporated to approximately half its initial mass. We concentrate on modeling the BH as a single mode squeezed state successively interacting, by means of beam splitters and squeezers, with vacuum modes near the horizon, giving rise to entangled pairs representing the external Hawking radiation and its partner particle inside the horizon. Since all states and operations are Gaussian throughout, we use a symplectic formalism to track the evolution of the composite system through the evolving means and variances of their quadrature operators. This allows us to easily compute correlations and entanglement between the BH and the HR, as well as calculate correlations between the BH at early and late times.