Two infinite families of elliptic curves with Mordell-Weil rank at least $3$

TL;DR

This paper introduces two infinite families of elliptic curves over rationals with proven Mordell-Weil rank at least 3, expanding previous results and utilizing algebraic number theory techniques.

Contribution

The authors establish that these families have trivial torsion and rank at least 3 for infinitely many parameters, generalizing prior specific cases.

Findings

Mordell-Weil rank at least 3 for infinitely many curves

Trivial torsion subgroup for these families

Generalization of previous rank bounds

Abstract

In this paper, we consider two infinite parametric families of elliptic curves defined over $\mathbb{Q}$ given by the equations $E_{a,b} : y^{2} = x^{3} - a^{2}x + b^{2}$ and $E^{\prime}_{a,b} : y^{2} = x^{3} - a^{2}x + b^{6}$, where $a,b \in \mathbb{N}$ satisfy certain mild conditions. We prove that the torsion group of $E_{a,b}(\mathbb{Q})$ is trivial and the Mordell-Weil ranks of both $E_{a,b}(\mathbb{Q})$ and $E^{\prime}_{a,b}(\mathbb{Q})$ are at least $3$ for infinitely many choices of $a$ and $b$ by using the N\'{e}ron-Tate height of a rational point and by exploiting the unit group of the ring of integers of $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{3})$. This is an extension of the results of Brown-Myres and Fujita-Nara where lower bounds of the ranks were provided under the assumption that $a = 1$ or $b = 1$. Also, our families of elliptic curves vastly generalize the curves recently investigated by Hatley and Stack.