Brightness Characterization and Modeling for Amazon Leo Satellites
Anthony Mallama, Richard E. Cole, Hui Zhi, Brad Young, Jay Respler, Olga Zamora, Michelle Dadighat
TL;DR
This study analyzes the brightness of Amazon Leo satellites, revealing most exceed IAU brightness limits and resemble Starlink in reflectivity, impacting research and aesthetic appreciation.
Contribution
It provides the first comprehensive brightness characterization and modeling of Amazon Leo satellites, comparing their reflective properties to Starlink.
Findings
92% exceed IAU brightness limits
25% distract from night sky aesthetics
Reflective characteristics similar to Starlink
Abstract
The mean apparent magnitude of Amazon Leo satellites is 6.28 based on 1,938 observations. For spacecraft in their operational mode, 92% exceeded the brightness limit recommended by the IAU for interference with research, while 25% distract from aesthetic appreciation of the night sky. The reflective characteristics are similar to Version 1 Starlink spacecraft.
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Taxonomy
TopicsSpace Satellite Systems and Control · Spacecraft Design and Technology · Satellite Communication Systems