Quantum state engineering of spin-orbit coupled ultracold atoms in a Morse potential

TL;DR

This paper presents protocols for full quantum control of spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a Morse potential, enabling precise state manipulation for applications in quantum technologies.

Contribution

It introduces invariant-based inverse engineering methods for controlling both internal and motional states of condensates, including interacting systems, with robustness against noise.

Findings

Successful state transfer via Raman coupling and detuning.

Robustness of inverse engineering against noise and errors.

Generalization to interacting condensates with modified detuning.

Abstract

Achieving full control of a Bose-Einstein condensate can have valuable applications in metrology, quantum information processing, and quantum condensed matter physics. We propose protocols to simultaneously control the internal (related to its pseudospin-1/2) and motional (position-related) states of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a Morse potential. In the presence of synthetic spin-orbit coupling, the state transition of a noninteracting condensate can be implemented by Raman coupling and detuning terms designed by invariant-based inverse engineering. The state transfer may also be driven by tuning the direction of the spin-orbit-coupling field and modulating the magnitude of the effective synthetic magnetic field. The results can be generalized for interacting condensates by changing the time-dependent detuning to compensate for the interaction. We find that a two-level algorithm for the inverse engineering remains numerically accurate even if the entire set of possible states is considered. The proposed approach is robust against the laser-field noise and systematic device-dependent errors.