The effect of discontinuous injection on particle back-flow in pneumatic conveying systems

TL;DR

This study investigates how the frequency of discontinuous particle injection affects backflow in pneumatic conveying, revealing that longer delays increase upstream particle movement, especially in low-drag zones influenced by electrostatic forces.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the impact of injection timing on particle backflow, highlighting the significance of delay periods in controlling flow disruptions.

Findings

Longer delay periods increase upstream particle movement.

Particles tend to move in low-drag zones at duct corners.

Delay period is a critical factor in particle backflow control.

Abstract

Pneumatic conveying is used in many process industries to transport dry, granular, and powdered solids. The triboelectrification of particles during conveying causes particle agglomeration, spark discharges, and disruptions in particle flow, making particles move upstream against the fluid flow. The effect of frequency of particle injection on particle backflow is studied using CFD-DEM simulations. Conveying flow in a square-shaped duct with fluid frictional Reynold's number equal to 180, particle Stokes number equal to 8, and individual particle charge equal to 504 fC, is simulated with different particle injection frequencies. The proportion of particles moving upstream is found to increase as the delay period between injections increases, and the effect of the length of the injection period is minimal. Further, particles moving upstream are situated in low-drag zones at the corners of the duct where the electrostatic force dominates. In conclusion, the delay period between discontinuous injections plays a major role in particle backflow. The findings of the article are important for industrial processes with discontinuous injection of particles with a risk of particle accumulation within the conveying boundary.