Continuous-time noise mitigation in analogue quantum simulation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel, fully analogue, continuous-time noise mitigation protocol for quantum simulators that uses ancillary qubits and classical post-processing to cancel noise effects without discretization.

Contribution

It presents the first fully analogue, Hamiltonian-independent noise cancellation protocol that operates continuously and requires minimal ancillary qubits.

Findings

Achieves exact noise cancellation in analogue quantum simulation.

Robust to realistic ancilla noise and preserves continuous dynamics.

Requires only a small number of ancillary qubits.

Abstract

Analogue quantum simulators offer a promising route to explore quantum many-body dynamics beyond classical reach in the near term. However, their vulnerability to noise limits the accuracy of simulations. Here, we establish a new framework for mitigating noise in analogue quantum simulation, operating in a time-continuous manner. To our knowledge, this is the first protocol that is fully analogue and that achieves exact noise cancellation. Our method requires a small number of ancillary qubits, whose interaction with the system$-$combined with classical post-processing of joint measurement data$-$is tailored to cancel the effect of noise. Furthermore, the protocol is Hamiltonian-independent, robust to realistic ancilla noise, and avoids any discretization, preserving the continuous-time nature of the system's dynamics. This work opens a new direction for achieving high-fidelity analogue quantum simulation in the presence of noise.