Encoding complex-balanced thermalization in quantum circuits

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum-circuit protocol for complex-balanced thermalization using engineered reservoirs, enabling the creation of out-of-equilibrium states and applications like correlated emission and quantum synchronization.

Contribution

It presents a novel method for implementing complex-balanced thermalization in quantum circuits with engineered reservoirs, supporting out-of-equilibrium states and advanced quantum phenomena.

Findings

Demonstrates non-uniform heating via modified Kubo-Martin-Schwinger relation

Enables quantum synchronization at finite temperatures

Achieves temporally-correlated dichromatic emission

Abstract

We propose a protocol for effectively implementing complex-balanced thermalization via Markovian processes on a quantum-circuit platform that couples the system with engineered reservoir qubits. The non-orthogonality of qubit eigenstates facilitates non-uniform heating through a modified Kubo-Martin-Schwinger relation, while simultaneously supports amplification-dissipation dynamics by violating microscopic time-reversibility. This offers a new approach to realizing out-of-equilibrium states at given temperatures. We show two applications of this platform: temporally-correlated dichromatic emission and Liouvillian exception point protected quantum synchronization at finite temperatures, both of which are challenging to achieve with conventional thermal reservoirs.