Complex dynamical regimes of the Tayler-Spruit dynamo

TL;DR

This paper uses 3D simulations to explore the complex magnetic behaviors of the Tayler-Spruit dynamo, revealing reversals and temporal dynamics that could influence neutron star magnetic field structures.

Contribution

It demonstrates for the first time the existence of reversals and complex dynamics in the Tayler-Spruit dynamo through detailed numerical simulations.

Findings

Reversals and complex temporal dynamics observed in the dynamo.

Dynamics linked to equatorial symmetry breaking of the flow.

A simple model coupling magnetic modes explains basic dynamics.

Abstract

Astrophysical dynamos feature various spatial structures and dynamical regimes, ranging from hemispherical magnetic fields to the random reversals of the geodynamo. The recently observed Tayler-Spruit dynamo has been invoked to explain angular momentum transport in stellar radiative zones and magnetar formation in a proto-neutron star spun-up by fallback accretion. Whether this dynamo mechanism can lead to different dynamical regimes remains an open question. Using three-dimensional direct numerical simulations, we model the dynamics of a stably stratified spherical Couette flow, with the outer sphere rotating faster than the inner one. While the generation of strong stationary and hemispherical dynamos has been observed in our previous studies, we report for the first time the existence of reversals and complex temporal dynamics. We observe that the dynamics is strongly correlated with the equatorial symmetry breaking of the flow. Focusing on a fiducial dynamo simulation, we propose a simple interpretation of its dynamics, which consists in the coupling of two large-scale magnetic modes with two opposite equatorial symmetries by the flow symmetry breaking. While this interpretation captures the simplest observed dynamics, the nonlinear interaction between a higher number of magnetic modes is certainly required to describe some of the more complex regimes. The wide diversity of dynamical regimes generated by the Tayler-Spruit dynamo may have interesting implications for the geometry of the neutron star magnetic fields, and therefore neutron star emissions.