Doppler-Resilient LEO Satellite OFDM Transmission with Affine Frequency Domain Pilot

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel AF domain pilot embedding scheme combined with an LSTM predictor to improve OFDM transmission in high-Doppler LEO satellite systems, significantly reducing errors.

Contribution

It proposes a new AF domain pilot embedding method and an LSTM-based channel predictor to enhance OFDM performance under high mobility conditions.

Findings

Significant BER reduction in high Doppler scenarios

Enhanced channel estimation accuracy with the proposed scheme

Outperforms conventional OFDM in simulation tests

Abstract

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication system suffers from severe Doppler shifts, while {the Doppler-resilient affine frequency-division multiplexing (AFDM) transmission suffers from significantly high processing complexity in data detection}. In this paper, we explore the channel estimation gain of affine frequency (AF) domain pilot to enhance the OFDM transmission under high mobility. Specifically, we propose a novel AF domain pilot embedding scheme for satellite-ground downlink OFDM systems for capturing the channel characteristics. By exploiting the autoregressive (AR) property of adjacent channels, a long short-term memory (LSTM) based predictor is designed to replace conventional interpolation operation in OFDM channel estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed transmission scheme significantly outperforms conventional OFDM scheme in terms of bit error rate (BER) under high Doppler scenarios, thus paving a new way for the design of next generation non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication systems.