Integrability enabled computations relating to the fixed trace Laguerre ensemble

TL;DR

This paper explores the integrability structures underlying the fixed trace Laguerre ensemble in random matrix theory, deriving new differential equations and explicit formulas for moments and variances of quantum state density matrices.

Contribution

It extends previous results by connecting the fixed trace Laguerre ensemble to integrability, deriving new matrix differential equations, and providing explicit formulas for variance and cumulants.

Findings

Derived third order scalar differential equation for eigenvalue density.

Obtained explicit rational formulas for the variance of purity statistic.

Connected purity cumulants to large argument expansion of a Painlevé IV transcendent.

Abstract

Studies of density matrices for random quantum states lead naturally to the fixed trace Laguerre ensemble in random matrix theory. Previous studies have uncovered explicit rational function formulas for moments of purity statistic (trace of the squared density matrix), and also a third order linear differential equation satisfied by the eigenvalue density. We further probe the origin of these results from the viewpoint of integrability, which is taken here to mean wider classes of recursions and differential equations, and give extensions. Prominent in our study are first order linear matrix differential equations. One application given is to the derivation of the third order scalar equation for the density. Another is to obtain the explicit rational function formula for the variance of the purity statistic in the $\beta$ generalised fixed trace Laguerre ensemble. In the original case ($\beta = 2$), the purity cumulants are expressed in terms of the large argument expansion of a particular $\sigma$-Painlev\'e IV transcendent. In a different but related direction, the exact computation of the two-point correlation for the fixed determinant circular unitary ensemble SU$(N)$ is given the Appendix.