Toward $\textit{Ab Initio}$ Quantum Simulations of Atomic Nuclei Using Noisy Qubits

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates progress in quantum simulations of atomic nuclei on noisy quantum devices by reducing measurement costs and mitigating noise effects, advancing toward practical ab initio nuclear calculations.

Contribution

It introduces methods to reduce measurement costs and improve accuracy in noisy quantum simulations of nuclei, marking a significant step forward in ab initio quantum nuclear computing.

Findings

Reduced measurement costs using commutativity measurement and asymptotic optimization.

Improved accuracy by applying particle number projected measurement.

Demonstrated a substantial step toward practical quantum computing of atomic nuclei.

Abstract

Quantum computers are expected to provide a ultimate solver for quantum many-body systems, although it is a tremendous challenge to achieve that goal on current noisy quantum devices. This work illustrated quantum simulations of ab initio no-core shell model calculations of $^3$H with chiral two-nucleon and three-nucleon forces. The measurement costs are remarkably reduced by using the general commutativity measurement together with the asymptotic optimization. In addition, the noise causes serious contaminations of configurations with undesired particle numbers, and the accuracies are much improved by applying the particle number projected measurement. By tackling the efficiency and noise issues, this work demonstrated a substantial step toward ab initio quantum computing of atomic nuclei.