Adaptive Resource Orchestration for Distributed Quantum Computing Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces the ModEn-Hub architecture for scalable distributed quantum computing, demonstrating through simulations that adaptive resource orchestration significantly improves entanglement success rates across multiple quantum processing units.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel modular entanglement hub architecture with an orchestrator that enhances scalability and efficiency in distributed quantum systems.

Findings

Achieves about 90% teleportation success across 1-128 QPUs

Outperforms naive sequential baseline in entanglement success rate

Requires more entanglement attempts but offers higher reliability

Abstract

Scaling quantum computing beyond a single device requires networking many quantum processing units (QPUs) into a coherent quantum-HPC system. We propose the Modular Entanglement Hub (ModEn-Hub) architecture: a hub-and-spoke photonic interconnect paired with a real-time quantum network orchestrator. ModEn-Hub centralizes entanglement sources and shared quantum memory to deliver on-demand, high-fidelity Bell pairs across heterogeneous QPUs, while the control plane schedules teleportation-based non-local gates, launches parallel entanglement attempts, and maintains a small ebit cache. To quantify benefits, we implement a lightweight, reproducible Monte Carlo study under realistic loss and tight round budgets, comparing a naive sequential baseline to an orchestrated policy with logarithmically scaled parallelism and opportunistic caching. Across 1-128 QPUs and 2,500 trials per point, ModEn-Hub-style orchestration sustains about 90% teleportation success while the baseline degrades toward about 30%, at the cost of higher average entanglement attempts (about 10-12 versus about 3). These results provide clear, high-level evidence that adaptive resource orchestration in the ModEn-Hub enables scalable and efficient quantum-HPC operation on near-term hardware.