Efficient Joint Resource Allocation for Wireless Powered ISAC with Target Localization

TL;DR

This paper proposes an efficient joint resource allocation method for wireless powered ISAC systems that balances energy transfer, communication throughput, and target localization accuracy, using a novel optimization approach.

Contribution

It introduces a new optimization framework for resource allocation in wireless powered ISAC with target localization, employing a successive convex approximation algorithm.

Findings

The proposed method achieves significant performance improvements over benchmarks.

Simulation results confirm convergence and effectiveness of the resource allocation strategy.

Balanced optimization enhances sensing accuracy and communication throughput in ISAC systems.

Abstract

Wireless powered integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) faces a fundamental tradeoff between energy supply, communication throughput, and sensing accuracy. This paper investigates a wireless powered ISAC system with target localization requirements, where users harvest energy from wireless power transfer (WPT) and then conduct ISAC transmissions in a time-division manner. In addition to energy supply, the WPT signal also contributes to target sensing, and the localization accuracy is characterized by Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB) constraints. Under this setting, we formulate a max-min throughput maximization problem by jointly allocating the WPT duration, ISAC transmission time allocation, and transmit power. Due to the nonconvexity of the resulting problem, a suitable reformulation is developed by exploiting variable substitutions and the monotonicity of logarithmic functions, based on which an efficient successive convex approximation (SCA)-based iterative algorithm is proposed. Simulation results demonstrate convergence and significant performance gains over benchmark schemes, highlighting the importance of coordinated time-power optimization in balancing sensing accuracy and communication performance in wireless powered ISAC systems.