Intriguing Magnetocaloric Effect in Multiferroic Ba3RRu2O9 (R=Ho, Gd, Tb, Nd) with Strong 4d-4f Correlations

TL;DR

This study investigates the magnetocaloric effect in Ba3RRu2O9 compounds with different rare-earth elements, revealing robust and intriguing low-temperature magnetic behaviors linked to complex spin reorientations.

Contribution

First comprehensive analysis of the magnetocaloric effect in 4d-4f correlated Ba3RRu2O9 compounds, highlighting novel MCE behaviors across different rare-earth elements.

Findings

Robust MCE observed around low-temperature magnetic transitions.

Heavy rare-earth members show a switch from conventional to non-conventional MCE.

Light R-member Ba3NdRu2O9 exhibits positive MCE linked to ferromagnetic ordering.

Abstract

Here we demonstrate the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of a 4d-4f correlated system, namely Ba3RRu2O9 (R= Ho, Gd, Tb, Nd). The compound Ba3HoRu2O9 antiferromagnetically orders at 50 K where both the Ho and Ru-moments order, followed by another phase transition ~ 10 K. Whereas, the compound Ba3GdRu2O9 and Ba3TbRu2O9 orders at 14.5 and 10.5 K respectively, where the ordering of both R and Ru moments are speculated. Our results reveal robust MCE around low-T magnetic phase transition for all the heavy rare-earth members (Ho, Gd, Tb) in this family. The heavy rare-earth members exhibit an intriguing MCE behavior switching from conventional to non-conventional MCE. Interestingly, the light R-member, Ba3NdRu2O9, orders ferromagnetically below 24 K where Nd-moments order, followed by Ru-ordering below 18 K, exhibits a positive MCE below and above FM-ordering. The compelling MCE are attributed to temperature dependent complex spin-reorientations for different R-members and anisotropy.