Volcano Architecture for Scalable Quantum Processor Units

TL;DR

The paper introduces the Volcano architecture, a scalable quantum processor design that uses optical channel mapping and photonic chip technology to control large qubit arrays with minimal crosstalk.

Contribution

It presents a novel architecture for quantum processing units that enables scalable addressing and readout using optical channel mapping and demonstrates a proof-of-principle with a photonic chip.

Findings

Successful 49-channel control with negligible crosstalk

Custom 3D waveguide structures enable arbitrary 2D beam patterns

Architecture supports scalable quantum system interfacing

Abstract

Quantum information processing platforms based on array of matter qubits, such as neutral atoms, trapped ions, and quantum dots, face significant challenges in scalable addressing and readout as system sizes increase. Here, we propose the "Volcano" architecture that establishes a new quantum processing unit implementation method based on optical channel mapping on a arbitrarily arranged static qubit array. To support the feasibility of Volcano architecture, we show a proof-of-principle demonstration by employing a photonic chip that leverages custom-designed three-dimensional waveguide structures to transform one-dimensional beam arrays into arbitrary two-dimensional output patterns matching qubit array geometries. We demonstrate parallel and independent control of 49-channel with negligible crosstalk and high uniformity. This architecture addresses the challenges in scaling up quantum processors, including both the classical link for parallel qubit control and the quantum link for efficient photon collection, and holds the potential for interfacing with neutral atom arrays and trapped ion crystals, as well as networking of heterogeneous quantum systems.