Quantum Thermodynamics and Quantum Perspectives

TL;DR

This paper explores the fundamental concepts of work and heat in quantum systems, analyzing quantum engines like Otto and Carnot cycles, and discusses the implications of quantum thermodynamics for quantum technologies and energy efficiency.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of quantum thermodynamics, highlighting the differences between quantum Otto and Carnot cycles and their relevance to quantum technologies.

Findings

Quantum Otto cycle is inherently irreversible and dissipative.

Quantum Carnot cycle achieves energetic optimality.

Quantum effects influence energy performance and trade-offs.

Abstract

After a brief historical perspective, we introduce the key notions of work and heat for quantum systems, to then apply them to quantum engines operating on quantum Otto and Carnot cycles. The irreversible and dissipative character of the quantum Otto cycle is briefly analyzed, contrasting with the energetic optimality of the quantum Carnot cycle. The central question of quantum effects is also addressed and illustrated with several examples. Finally, the last part strives to explain the role that quantum thermodynamics plays for quantum applications and quantum technologies, particularly in relation to energy optimization and the trade-off between performances and energy costs.