On the symmetry classification of integrable chains in 3D. Darboux-integrable reductions and their higher symmetries

TL;DR

This paper introduces a classification method for 3D integrable nonlinear equations, focusing on Toda-type chains, and demonstrates that all such chains admit specific reductions and symmetries, aiding their systematic categorization.

Contribution

It provides a new classification criterion for 3D integrable equations based on their reductions and symmetries, specifically for Toda-type chains.

Findings

All known Toda-type chains admit reductions to an open chain of length three.

Such chains possess a family of second-order evolutionary symmetries.

The property can serve as an effective classification criterion.

Abstract

This paper proposes a method for identifying and classifying integrable nonlinear equations with three independent variables, one of which is discrete and the other two are continuous. A characteristic property of this class of equations, called Toda-type chains, is that they admit finite-field reductions in the form of open chains with enhanced integrability. The paper results in a theorem stating that all known integrable Toda-type chains admit reductions in the form of an open chain of length three with a family of second-order evolutionary type symmetries. Apparently, this property of Toda-type chains can be used as an effective classification criterion when compiling lists of integrable differential-difference equations in 3D.