Quantum batteries with K-regular graph generators: A no-go for quantum advantage

TL;DR

This paper investigates quantum batteries based on K-regular graphs, demonstrating linear work scaling with system size but no superlinear advantage, and analyzing the effects of system orientation and subsystem accessibility.

Contribution

It proves the absence of quantum advantage in K-regular graph-based quantum batteries and explores how orientation and subsystem access affect extractable work.

Findings

Work scales linearly with system size.

No superlinear quantum advantage observed.

Work fraction independence depends on battery orientation.

Abstract

Regular graphs find broad applications ranging from quantum communication to quantum computation. Motivated by this, we investigate the design of a quantum battery based on a K-regular graph, where K denotes the number of edges incident on each vertex. We prove that a 0-regular graph battery exhibits extractable work that scales linearly with the system-size when charged using a K-regular graph. This linear scaling is shown to persist even when the charging is implemented via a collective K-regular charger with power-law decaying interactions. While no superlinear scaling is observed, the work output is found to improve systematically with increasing regularity K. Furthermore, by introducing the notion of the fraction of extractable work when only subsystems are accessible, we identify this fraction to be independent of system-size if the battery is prepared in the down-polarized product state. This independence breaks down when the battery is oriented along the x- and y-directions of the Bloch sphere.