Temperature Dependence of the Masses of Various Meson States: A Comparative Study in SU(3) and SU(4) extended Linear-Sigma Model

TL;DR

This study compares meson mass predictions in SU(3) and SU(4) extended Linear-Sigma Models, showing SU(4) aligns better with experimental data and analyzing how meson masses change with temperature, revealing similar dissolution temperatures.

Contribution

It provides a systematic comparison of SU(3) and SU(4) eLSM configurations and demonstrates improved meson mass estimations with SU(4), including temperature effects on various meson states.

Findings

SU(4) eLSM yields meson masses closer to experimental values.

Temperature influences meson masses, with all states sharing similar dissolution temperature ranges.

Quarkonium states are largely unaffected by temperature variations.

Abstract

In the extended Linear-Sigma Model (eLSM), the chiral phase structure of meson states, including pseudoscalars ($J^{pc}=0^{-+}$), scalars ($J^{pc}=0^{++}$), vectors ($J^{pc}=1^{--}$), and axial-vectors ($J^{pc}=1^{++}$), is investigated with the mean-field approximation. A systematic comparison between SU(3) and SU(4) configurations is provided. It has been found that the estimations of meson masses derived from SU(4) eLSM are more congruent with experimental values than those derived from SU(3) eLSM. Consequently, we conclude that an increase in quark degrees of freedom significantly enhances the accuracy of meson mass simulations. We investigate the effect of temperature on the masses of various meson states calculated in the SU(3) and SU(4) eLSM. After establishing all the fitting parameters, the temperature dependence of meson masses shows that although various meson states exhibit unique patterns in their mass changes with temperature, they all seem to share a similar range of dissolution temperatures. This means that the critical temperature that marks the phase transition from hadrons to quarks appears to vary slightly depending on the meson states. In this regard, we find that the quarkonium states, formed by a quark and its antiquark, are largely unaffected by variations in the temperature.