Accelerator-Based Neutrino Beams

TL;DR

Accelerator-based neutrino beams have significantly advanced particle physics by enabling discoveries like neutrino oscillations and CP violation, with upcoming experiments poised to explore fundamental questions about neutrino properties and physics beyond the standard model.

Contribution

This paper reviews the development, current state, and future prospects of accelerator-based neutrino beams in particle physics research.

Findings

Neutrino beams have confirmed neutrino oscillations.

Long-baseline experiments suggest CP violation in neutrinos.

Next-generation beams aim to resolve neutrino mass hierarchy and beyond-standard-model physics.

Abstract

Over the past six decades, accelerator-based neutrino beams have revolutionized particle physics. Neutrinos created with accelerators have been used to discover the muon neutrino and tau neutrinos was discovered and to confirm the existence of neutrino oscillations. More recently, long-baseline experiments have offered the first experimental hint of CP violation in the neutrino sector. Building and operating such beams is an enormous technical challenge, yet they remain our most versatile tool for studying neutrinos. With new experiments such as DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande, and ideas such as neutrino factories, the next generation of beams will address open questions about neutrino mass ordering, CP violation, and possible physics beyond the standard model.