Observations of the 21 cm HI Line from the Milky Way galaxy using Pyramidal Horn Radio Telescope

TL;DR

This paper describes a low-cost pyramidal horn radio telescope designed for detecting the 21 cm hydrogen line, capable of producing detailed Galactic maps and rotation curves, useful for education and scientific research.

Contribution

It introduces a novel, affordable radio telescope system that successfully captures Galactic HI emissions and produces meaningful astronomical data.

Findings

Generated HI sky maps and Galactic rotation curves.

Demonstrated system's effectiveness for educational and scientific purposes.

Validated the low-cost design for radio astronomical observations.

Abstract

We present the design, implementation, and operation of a pyramidal horn radio telescope built for detecting the Galactic 21 cm neutral hydrogen line emission. The system employs an SDR-based pipeline to obtain drift-scan observations, which were calibrated and processed to generate HI sky maps, a Galactic rotation curve and spiral arm features. This demonstrates that this low-cost system is effective both for educational purposes and scientific exploration of Galactic structure at radio frequencies.