Enhanced sinterability and in vitro bioactivity of diopside through fluoride doping

TL;DR

This study demonstrates that fluoride doping enhances the sinterability and bioactivity of diopside bioceramics, leading to better apatite formation and potential improvements in biomedical applications.

Contribution

It introduces fluoride doping into diopside to improve its sintering and bioactivity without forming secondary phases, a novel approach in bioceramic enhancement.

Findings

Fluoride doping improves sintering neck development.

Doped samples show increased apatite deposition.

Enhanced bioactivity observed in vitro.

Abstract

In this work, diopside (CaMgSi2O6) was doped with fluoride at a level of 1 mol.%, without the formation of any second phase, by a wet chemical precipitation method. The sintered structure of the synthesized nanopowders was studied by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Also, the samples' in vitro apatite-forming ability in a simulated body fluid was comparatively evaluated by electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. According to the results, the material's sinterability was improved by fluoride doping, as realized from the further development of sintering necks. It was also found that compared to the undoped bioceramic, a higher amount of apatite was deposited on the surface of the doped sample. It is concluded that fluoride can be considered as a doping agent in magnesium-containing silicates to improve biological, particularly bioactivity, behaviors.