SplatBright: Generalizable Low-Light Scene Reconstruction from Sparse Views via Physically-Guided Gaussian Enhancement

TL;DR

SplatBright introduces a physically-guided 3D Gaussian framework for robust low-light scene reconstruction from sparse views, achieving superior consistency and generalization without per-scene training.

Contribution

It is the first generalizable 3D Gaussian method integrating physical illumination modeling for joint low-light enhancement and reconstruction from sparse sRGB views.

Findings

Outperforms existing methods in novel view synthesis

Achieves better cross-view consistency

Generalizes well to unseen low-light scenes

Abstract

Low-light 3D reconstruction from sparse views remains challenging due to exposure imbalance and degraded color fidelity. While existing methods struggle with view inconsistency and require per-scene training, we propose SplatBright, which is, to our knowledge, the first generalizable 3D Gaussian framework for joint low-light enhancement and reconstruction from sparse sRGB inputs. Our key idea is to integrate physically guided illumination modeling with geometry-appearance decoupling for consistent low-light reconstruction. Specifically, we adopt a dual-branch predictor that provides stable geometric initialization of 3D Gaussian parameters. On the appearance side, illumination consistency leverages frequency priors to enable controllable and cross-view coherent lighting, while an appearance refinement module further separates illumination, material, and view-dependent cues to recover fine texture. To tackle the lack of large-scale geometrically consistent paired data, we synthesize dark views via a physics-based camera model for training. Extensive experiments on public and self-collected datasets demonstrate that SplatBright achieves superior novel view synthesis, cross-view consistency, and better generalization to unseen low-light scenes compared with both 2D and 3D methods.