Content-Aware RSMA-Enabled Pinching-Antenna Systems for Latency Optimization in 6G Networks

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel content-aware RSMA framework combined with pinching-antenna systems to dynamically optimize latency in 6G networks by jointly adjusting antenna configurations and transmission parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a joint optimization framework and algorithm for co-designing reconfigurable antennas with RSMA to reduce latency in 6G wireless systems.

Findings

CARP-JO outperforms traditional schemes in latency reduction

Joint optimization improves system adaptability to channel conditions

Simulation confirms effectiveness across various network scenarios

Abstract

The Pinching Antenna System (PAS) has emerged as a promising technology to dynamically reconfigure wireless propagation environments in 6G networks. By activating radiating elements at arbitrary positions along a dielectric waveguide, PAS can establish strong line-of-sight (LoS) links with users, significantly enhancing channel gain and deployment flexibility, particularly in high-frequency bands susceptible to severe path loss. To further improve multi-user performance, this paper introduces a novel content-aware transmission framework that integrates PAS with rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA). Unlike conventional RSMA, the proposed RSMA scheme enables users requesting the same content to share a unified private stream, thereby mitigating inter-user interference and reducing power fragmentation. We formulate a joint optimization problem aimed at minimizing the average system latency by dynamically adapting both antenna positioning and RSMA parameters according to channel conditions and user requests. A Content-Aware RSMA and Pinching-antenna Joint Optimization (CARP-JO) algorithm is developed, which decomposes the non-convex problem into tractable subproblems solved via bisection search, convex programming, and golden-section search. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed CARP-JO scheme consistently outperforms Traditional RSMA, NOMA, and Fixed-antenna systems across diverse network scenarios in terms of latency, underscoring the effectiveness of co-designing physical-layer reconfigurability with intelligent communication strategies.