OpenPathNet: An Open-Source RF Multipath Data Generator for AI-Driven Wireless Systems

TL;DR

OpenPathNet is an open-source RF multipath data generator and dataset that provides physically consistent, high-fidelity multipath parameters for AI-driven wireless research, enabling reproducible and scalable environment modeling.

Contribution

It introduces a modular, parameterized generator for realistic RF multipath data, filling a gap in existing datasets by providing detailed physical characteristics.

Findings

Provides disaggregated multipath parameters from ray tracing simulations.

Enables reproducible data generation for various environments.

Supports research in channel modeling and environment-aware communication.

Abstract

The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and sixth-generation (6G) wireless technologies is driving an urgent need for large-scale, high-fidelity, and reproducible radio frequency (RF) datasets. Existing resources, such as CKMImageNet, primarily provide preprocessed and image-based channel representations, which conceal the fine-grained physical characteristics of signal propagation that are essential for effective AI modeling. To bridge this gap, we present OpenPathNet, an open-source RF multipath data generator accompanied by a publicly released dataset for AI-driven wireless research. Distinct from prior datasets, OpenPathNet offers disaggregated and physically consistent multipath parameters, including per-path gain, time of arrival (ToA), and spatial angles, derived from high-precision ray tracing simulations constructed on real-world environment maps. By adopting a modular, parameterized pipeline, OpenPathNet enables reproducible generation of multipath data and can be readily extended to new environments and configurations, improving scalability and transparency. The released generator and accompanying dataset provide an extensible testbed that holds promise for advancing studies on channel modeling, beam prediction, environment-aware communication, and integrated sensing in AI-enabled 6G systems. The source code and dataset are publicly available at https://github.com/liu-lz/OpenPathNet.