SatTrack: Software for Evaluating Satellite Interference and Rim-Based Interference Mitigation Using a Reconfigurable Parabolic Antenna

TL;DR

SatTrack is a simulation framework that models satellite interference and employs reconfigurable parabolic antennas with advanced nulling algorithms to significantly reduce interference in LEO satellite constellations.

Contribution

This paper introduces SatTrack, a novel GUI-driven simulation tool that predicts satellite interference and optimizes reconfigurable antenna nulls using advanced algorithms, enhancing interference mitigation capabilities.

Findings

Binary rim control achieves 40-55 dB interference suppression.

Advanced optimization methods can exceed 65-70 dB suppression.

Rim-based nulling approaches can match muting-level suppression while maintaining throughput.

Abstract

Large Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations (e.g., Starlink and Iridium) significantly increase the likelihood of transient, high-power interference events at ground receivers. This report presents SatTrack, a GUI-driven simulation framework that (i) tracks satellite motion relative to a fixed antenna boresight, (ii) predicts reflector gain patterns of a parabolic reflector antenna with a reconfigurable rim of specified size using a physical optics (PO) surface-current model decomposed into fixed and reconfigurable rim regions, and (iii) synthesizes deep, directional nulls using fast rim-weight optimization algorithms. Beyond baseline serial greedy and greedy bit-flip methods, additional files support advanced weight optimization algorithms including simulated annealing and majorization-minimization operating over higher-order complex weight alphabets, enabling deeper null formation. Interference power from satellites is estimated using free-space path loss and an FCC-derived Starlink EIRP versus steering-angle model, and event-level throughput for each satellite is computed using Shannon capacity. Results show simple binary rim control achieves about 40-55 dB of average interference suppression, while advanced optimization methods can exceed 65-70 dB under favorable geometries, with best-case received interference below -220 dBm. We compare no mitigation, satellite muting, and rim-based spatial nulling, showing rim-based nulling approaches muting-level suppression while preserving throughput close to the no-mitigation case. These results highlight both the scalability of rim-based reflector reconfiguration and the fundamental limitation when satellites cross the main lobe.