First measurement of the Hubble constant from gravitational wave-galaxy cross-correlations

TL;DR

This paper presents the first measurement of the Hubble constant using gravitational wave-galaxy cross-correlations, demonstrating the potential of the Peak Sirens method with current GW and galaxy data.

Contribution

It introduces and applies the Peak Sirens method to measure $H_0$ from GW-galaxy cross-correlations, achieving the first detection of this signal and providing initial constraints.

Findings

Detected the cross-correlation peak at 5.9σ confidence.

Measured $H_0$ as 67^{+18}_{-15} km s$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-1}$.

Placed the first observational constraint on GW bias, $b_{gw} < 4.3$ at 95% CI.

Abstract

We measure for the first time the Hubble constant ($H_0$) from the cross-correlation of galaxies and gravitational waves (GW), by applying the $\textit{Peak Sirens}$ method. This method consists of finding the peak of the 3D angular cross-spectrum $C_{\ell}(z,D_L)$ between the galaxy redshifts ($z$) and the GW luminosity distances ($D_L$). Using two GW events from the GWTC-3.0 catalog and the GLADE+ galaxy catalog, we make the first detection of the cross-correlation peak at $5.9\sigma$ confidence. This signal comes mostly from the best localized event in the catalog, GW190814, which alone provides a $3.4\sigma$ significance. Adding also the multimessenger event GW170817, but without using its known redshift, we find $H_0 = 67^{+18}_{-15}$ km s$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-1}$ and the first observational constraint on the GW bias, $b_{\rm gw} < 4.3$ at 95% CI. These measurements set the stage for future novel cosmological constraints with this technique.