Headroom as A Grid Service in Software-Defined Power Grids: A Peak-to-Peak Control Design Approach

TL;DR

This paper proposes a peak-to-peak control design approach for grid services in software-defined power grids, aiming to better manage frequency stability and system costs amid renewable integration challenges.

Contribution

It introduces a novel peak-to-peak control strategy that directly addresses frequency constraints without relying on conservative approximations, improving system efficiency.

Findings

Effective frequency support following disturbances

Reduced conservativeness in headroom estimation

Enhanced system cost minimization

Abstract

To address system frequency challenges driven by the integration of renewable generation, advanced control strategies are designed at the device level to provide effective frequency support following disturbances. However, typically relying on energy-based performance metrics, these methods cannot guarantee the system frequency constraints such as frequency nadir and maximum Rate-of-Change-of-Frequency (RoCoF). Moreover, locally-designed frequency support cannot minimize the overall system cost to maintain frequency stability. On the other hand, the concept of frequency-constrained system scheduling is introduced, which incorporates frequency dynamic constraints into the system economic optimization, so that frequency requirements can be maintained with minimum cost. However, these works rely on analytical approximations of the frequency dynamic metrics, which are mathematically complicated and tend to be over-conservative for the approximation of IBR headroom requirements.