Polarization Entanglement in Atomic Biphotons via OAM-to-Spin Mapping

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a novel method to transfer orbital angular momentum entanglement to polarization entanglement in cold-atom biphotons, enabling integration of atomic OAM resources with polarization-based quantum networks.

Contribution

It introduces a new OAM-to-polarization entanglement transfer technique in a cold-atom system, overcoming atomic selection rule limitations and preserving biphoton coherence.

Findings

Achieved high-fidelity polarization Bell states (92-94%)

Verified nonlocal correlations with S=2.44 in CHSH test

First demonstration of OAM-to-polarization entanglement transfer in cold atoms

Abstract

We demonstrate polarization-entangled biphotons in a cold-atom double-$\Lambda$ system, overcoming atomic selection rules that suppress polarization correlations and favor orbital angular momentum (OAM) entanglement. Using spatial light modulators, we coherently map a selected two-dimensional OAM subspace onto the polarization basis and thereby open an otherwise inaccessible polarization channel. Quantum-state tomography confirms that the mapping preserves the biphoton coherence. The four polarization Bell states are generated with fidelities of $92\text{-}94\%$ with few-percent statistical uncertainties, and an average Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt parameter of $S=2.44$ verifies the survival of nonlocal correlations. To the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first demonstration of OAM-to-polarization entanglement transfer in a cold-atom spontaneous four-wave mixing platform and establishes a practical interface for integrating atomic OAM resources with polarization-based quantum communication networks.