Four Giant Planets from 2024 KMTNet Microlensing Campaign

TL;DR

This paper reports the discovery and analysis of four new giant exoplanets around low-mass stars via microlensing, showcasing diverse anomaly types and confirming their planetary nature through detailed light curve modeling.

Contribution

It presents four newly identified giant planets from microlensing data, demonstrating the method's effectiveness in detecting planets around low-mass stars with diverse anomaly signatures.

Findings

All four planets are giant planets with masses comparable to or greater than Jupiter.

The anomalies in light curves are caused by planetary companions with mass ratios between (1.5--17.9)×10^{-3}.

The study highlights microlensing's capability to find planets around low-mass stars.

Abstract

In this work, we present analyses of four newly discovered planetary microlensing events from the 2024 KMTNet survey season: KMT-2024-BLG-0176, KMT-2024-BLG-0349, KMT-2024-BLG-1870, and KMT-2024-BLG-2087. In each case, the planetary nature was revealed through distinct types of anomalies in the lensing light curves: a positive bump near the peak for KMT-2024-BLG-0176, an asymmetric peak for KMT-2024-BLG-0349, a short-duration central dip for KMT-2024-BLG-1870, and a caustic-crossing feature for KMT-2024-BLG-2087. Detailed modeling of the light curves confirms that these anomalies are produced by planetary companions with planet-to-host mass ratios in the range of $(1.5\text{--}17.9)\times 10^{-3}$. Despite the diversity of signal morphologies, all planets detected in these events are giant planets with masses comparable to or exceeding that of Jupiter in the Solar System. Each planet orbits a host star less massive than the Sun, emphasizing the strength of microlensing in uncovering planetary systems around low-mass stellar hosts.