NLoS Localization with Single Base Station Based on Radio Map

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel single base station localization method using radio maps and sequential measurements to achieve sub-meter accuracy in NLoS environments, overcoming limitations of traditional GNSS and multi-BS techniques.

Contribution

The paper presents a new single BS localization framework that leverages radio maps and temporal signal features to improve accuracy in NLoS conditions, reducing reliance on multiple base stations.

Findings

Achieves sub-meter localization accuracy in NLoS environments.

Effectively mitigates multipath effects using radio map matching.

Performance depends on radio map quality and measurement sequence length.

Abstract

Accurate outdoor localization in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) environments remains a critical challenge for wireless communication and sensing systems. Existing methods, including positioning based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and triple Base Stations (BSs) techniques, cannot provide reliable performance under NLoS conditions, particularly in dense urban areas with strong multipath effects. To address this limitation, we propose a single BS localization framework that integrates sequential signal measurements with prior radio information embedded in the Radio Map (RM). Using temporal measurement features and matching them with radio maps, the proposed method effectively mitigates the adverse impact of multipath propagation and reduces the dependence on LoS paths. Simulation experiments further evaluate the impact of different radio map construction strategies and the varying lengths of the measurement sequence on localization accuracy. Results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves sub-meter positioning accuracy in typical NLoS environments, highlighting its potential as a practical and robust solution for single-base-station deployment.