Damped oscillation regular structures from the deuteron "effective" electromagnetic form factor data

TL;DR

This paper models the deuteron's electromagnetic form factors, extends them into the time-like region, and uses artificial data to explore damped oscillation structures in the deuteron form factor data.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to analyze deuteron form factors and predicts damped oscillation structures using artificial data generated from an analytic continuation model.

Findings

Identification of damped oscillation regular structures in deuteron form factors.

Development of a method to generate artificial data for deuteron electromagnetic interactions.

Extension of form factors into the time-like region for predictive analysis.

Abstract

The deuteron ``D'' is the simplest nucleus with the spin S=1, therefore its electromagnetic structure is completely described by three different, the charge $G_C(t)$, magnetic $G_M(t)$ and quadrupole $G_Q(t)$ form factors, where $t=-q^2$ is the momentum transfer squared of the electrons or the deuterons in the elastic scattering of electrons on deuterons. All three deuteron form factors are theoretically related to the functions $A(t)$, $B(t)$ and $T_{20}(t)$ to be numerically evaluated with errors, whereby $A(t)$ and $B(t)$ in a measurement of the differential cross section of elastic scattering of unpolarized electrons on unpolarized deuterons, and $T_{20}$ in measurements of the elastic scattering of the longitudinally polarized electrons, respectively also on polarized deuteron target. The obtained data are utilized to fix parameters of the deuteron electromagnetic form factors to be constructed in the form of the Unitary and Analytic model. Afterwards these form factors are analytically continued into the time-like region, with the aim to predict artificial behavior of the total cross section $\sigma_{tot}(e^+e^- \to D \bar D)(s)$. By means of the latter artificial data with errors on the deuteron ``effective'' electromagnetic form factor are produced theoretically. Finally, such data render a possibility to investigate the deuteron damped oscillation regular structures.