Analytical Solutions for the Dynamics of Planetary Nebulae with and without Common Envelope Evolution

TL;DR

This paper develops analytical models for planetary nebulae dynamics, incorporating common envelope evolution and variable luminosity, to better explain observed nebulae velocities and behaviors.

Contribution

It introduces new analytical solutions that include common envelope evolution and variable luminosity effects, improving understanding of nebulae dynamics.

Findings

Many nebulae are better explained by common envelope evolution.

Single AGB models reproduce nebulae with 20-30 km/s expansion velocities.

Analytical solutions match observational data for diverse nebulae.

Abstract

We present new analytical solutions for the dynamics of planetary nebulae. These equations consider the temporal variation of the mechanical luminosity as well as the common envelope evolution scenario. By comparing a database of nebulae with these solutions, a large portion of planetary nebulae can be better explained by the common envelope evolution scenario, especially the fast and slow ones. Single AGB stellar models can only reproduce nebulae with expansion velocities between 20 and 30 km/s.