What Galaxy Clusters Have to Say About Dynamical Dark Energy and $H_0$

TL;DR

This paper uses galaxy cluster data and other structure probes to constrain dark energy models and the Hubble constant, finding consistency with standard cosmology and hints of evolving dark energy.

Contribution

It demonstrates the consistency of low-redshift structure probes with geometric datasets in flat DM and explores their implications for dark energy evolution and the Hubble tension.

Findings

Cluster data agree with CMB+BAO+SN constraints on  and .

Adding clusters reduces evidence for dark energy evolution.

Cluster data relaxes the H0 tension, suggesting a different sound horizon.

Abstract

We show that, in flat $\Lambda$CDM, low-redshift structure probes -- cluster abundances, 3$\times$2-point analyses, and full-shape clustering -- are mutually consistent, jointly delivering precise constraints on $\sigma_8$ and $\Omega_{\rm m}$ that agree with geometrical datasets (CMB+BAO+SN). In $w_0w_a$CDM, adding clusters to the geometry dataset reduces the evidence for evolving dark energy while relaxing the $H_0$ tension, suggesting a $\Lambda$CDM evolution of the late-time Universe and a sound horizon that differs from its standard value.