Fault-Tolerant Information Processing with Quantum Weak Measurement

TL;DR

This paper introduces a fault-tolerant quantum information processing method using weak measurements, effectively reducing noise effects in quantum communication and computation with minimal distortion.

Contribution

It proposes a novel quantum weak measurement-based decoding scheme that enhances noise resilience in quantum information processing.

Findings

Mean squared error distortion close to 0

Fault-tolerant capability reaches 1 with finite resources

Effective in noisy quantum communication channels

Abstract

Noise is an important factor that influences the reliability of information acquisition, transmission, processing, and storage. In order to suppress the inevitable noise effects, a fault-tolerant information processing approach via quantum weak measurement is proposed, where pairwise orthogonal postselected measurement bases with various tiny angles and optimal compositions of measured results are chosen as a decoding rule. The signal to be protected can be retrieved with a minimal distortion after having been transmitted through a noisy channel. Demonstrated by typical examples of encoding signal on two-level superposition state or Einstein-Podolsky-Rossen state transmitted through random telegraph noise and decoherence noises channel, the mean squared error distortion may be close to $0$ and the fault-tolerant capability could reach $1$ with finite quantum resources. To verify the availability of the proposed approach, classic coherent light and quantum coherent state are used for encoding information in the experiment. Potentially, the proposed approach may provide a solution for suppressing noise effects in long-distance quantum communication, high-sensitivity quantum sensing, and accurate quantum computation.