Lensless and Lossless HoloVAM

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel lensless holographic additive manufacturing platform that enables 3D printing of complex geometries without traditional optics, promising more compact and flexible volumetric fabrication solutions.

Contribution

The paper presents the first successful fabrication of 3D models using a fully lensless holographic volumetric additive manufacturing system based on tomographic light fields.

Findings

Achieved reproducible fabrication of complex geometries.

Demonstrated high photon efficiency and controlled axial propagation.

Established lensless HoloVAM as a practical volumetric manufacturing method.

Abstract

We report the first successful fabrication of three-dimensional models using our fully lensless holographic volumetric additive manufacturing (HoloVAM) platform. In this configuration, tomographic light fields are generated directly from a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM) and delivered into a rotating vial of photopolymer without any imaging optics, relays, or index-matching bath. Building on the HoloTile framework for tiled Fourier holography and point-spread function (PSF) shaping, the system creates volumetric dose distributions with high photon efficiency and well-controlled axial propagation. Using a simple acrylate resin formulation and a minimalized optical train, we demonstrate reproducible fabrication of complex geometries. These results establish lensless HoloVAM as a practical and mechanically minimal route to volumetric fabrication, opening a new pathway toward compact and application-flexible VAM devices.