Twisting the Hagedorn temperature in planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills

TL;DR

This paper investigates how chemical potentials affect the Hagedorn temperature in planar $ abla$4 super Yang-Mills theory, combining state counting, string theory duals, and quantum spectral curve methods to analyze weak and strong coupling regimes.

Contribution

It introduces the application of the quantum spectral curve to study twisted Hagedorn temperatures with chemical potentials at both weak and strong coupling.

Findings

Analytic weak-coupling Hagedorn temperature to one-loop order for any chemical potential.

Two-loop order results for $$-charge chemical potential at $=1/2$.

Strong coupling results agree with string theory predictions, supporting Harmark's conjecture.

Abstract

We consider planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills at finite temperature with chemical potentials that couple either to the $R$-charges or the spins of the operators. We find expressions for the Hagedorn temperatures at both zero coupling by explicitly counting states, and at strong coupling using the string theory dual. We then apply the quantum spectral curve (QSC) to this problem, which adds additional twists to the $Q$-functions. For a single chemical potential $\mu$ coupled to one of the $R$-charges, we find the analytic weak-coupling Hagedorn temperature to one-loop order for any value of $\mu$, and to two-loop order for $\mu=1/2$. We then solve the QSC numerically, showing that at strong coupling there is good agreement with the string theory prediction to order $1/\lambda^{1/4}$. This provides further evidence for a recent conjecture of Harmark for the form of the world-sheet zero-point shift. We also use the QSC to find the analytic one-loop correction to the Hagedorn temperature with non-zero chemical potentials coupled to the spins.