Watt-level coherent microwave emission from dissipation engineered solid-state quantum batteries

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates watt-level coherent microwave emission from solid-state quantum batteries by using dissipation engineering to optimize energy storage and release, achieving high power and efficiency improvements.

Contribution

It introduces dissipation engineering as a novel dynamic control method to enhance power output and efficiency in quantum batteries, overcoming previous fundamental limitations.

Findings

Achieved nanosecond microwave bursts with watt-level peak power.

Improved work extraction efficiency by over two orders of magnitude.

Outperformed state-of-the-art techniques in power compression factors.

Abstract

Recently proposed metastability-induced quantum batteries have shown particular promise for coherent microwave generation. However, achieving high-power coherent microwave generation in quantum batteries remains fundamentally challenging due to quantum correlations, aging, and self-discharging processes. For the cavity-quantum-electrodynamics (CQED)-based quantum batteries, a further trade-off arises between strong spin-photon coupling for energy storage and sufficient output coupling for power delivery. To overcome these constraints, we introduce dissipation engineering as a dynamic control strategy that temporally separates energy storage and release. By suppressing emission during charging and rapidly enhancing the output coupling during discharging, we realize nanosecond microwave bursts with watt-level peak power. By optimizing three dissipation schemes, we improve work extraction efficiency of the quantum battery by over two orders of magnitude and achieve high power compression factors outperforming the state-of-the-art techniques, establishing dissipation engineering as a pathway toward room-temperature, high-power coherent microwave sources.